| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Menominee Drug, Anthelmintic Decoction of root taken for worms. Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Meskwaki Drug, Kidney Aid Root used as a universal remedy for many things, especially dropsy and ague. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 201 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Meskwaki Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Root used as a universal remedy for many things, especially dropsy and ague. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 201 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Meskwaki Drug, Panacea Root used as a universal remedy for many things, especially dropsy and ague. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 201 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Meskwaki Fiber, Cordage Outer bast fiber plaited into heavy cord and two-ply cord. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 267 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Meskwaki Fiber, Sewing Material Outer bast fiber used as thread. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 267 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Micmac Drug, Anthelmintic Root used as a vermifuge. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 54 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Modoc Fiber, Unspecified Used as a fiber. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 103 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Plant used as a Waterway emetic. Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 36 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Emetic Plant used as a Waterway emetic. Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 36 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Other Plant used for immersion in cold water. Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 36 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Analgesic Decoction of plant taken for persistent stomachache. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Leaves used as a ceremonial emetic and cold infusion of leaves used as a ceremonial lotion. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Emetic Leaves used as a ceremonial emetic. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of plant taken for persistent stomachache. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Nez Perce Fiber, Cordage Stalks dried, split into fibers and used to make rope. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 12 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Nez Perce Other, Containers Used to make bags. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 12 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Contraceptive Decoction of roots taken during monthly periods to become permanently sterile. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Okanagan-Colville Fiber, Cordage Stems twisted and rolled into twine. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Okanagon Fiber, Clothing Inner bark used for making garments. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Okanagon Fiber, Cordage Inner bark used for making rope and twine. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Okanagon Fiber, Sewing Material Inner bark used for making thread. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Okanagon Other, Cash Crop Inner bark traded in large quantities to the Spences Bridge band. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 498 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Okanagon Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Inner bark used for making nets and snares. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Paiute, Northern Fiber, Cordage Stem fibers twisted and plied into cordage and nets. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 75 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Paiute, Northern Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Used as twined weft rows for mats. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 89 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Paiute, Northern Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Stem fibers twisted and plied into cordage and nets. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 75 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Penobscot Drug, Anthelmintic Infusion of root taken to expel worms. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 310 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Penobscot Drug, Anthelmintic Infusion of roots taken to expel worms. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 310 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Shuswap Fiber, Cordage Stems used to make bridle ropes, bowstrings and thread for sewing baskets and buckskin. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 57 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Shuswap Other, Stable Gear Stems used to make bridle ropes, bowstrings and thread for sewing baskets and buckskin. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 57 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Songish Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Used to make pursenets. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 78 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Drug, Unspecified Decoction of root used medicinally. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 470 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Drug, Venereal Aid Milky stem latex used for venereal disease. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 159 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Fiber, Clothing Inner bark used for making garments. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Fiber, Clothing Inner bark used for making garments. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 498 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Fiber, Cordage Inner bark used for making rope and twine. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Fiber, Cordage Inner bark used for making rope and twine. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 498 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Fiber, Cordage Plant made into rope and used to make fishnets. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 159 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Fiber, Cordage Stems used to make string. The stems were cut in the fall, usually in October, soaked and sometimes split in half. The fibrous outer skin was peeled off and the brittle inner stem discarded. The fibrous part was then dried for indefinite storage and used to make string. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 159 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Fiber, Sewing Material Inner bark used for making thread. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Fiber, Sewing Material Inner bark used for making thread. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 498 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Fiber, Sewing Material Plant made into thread and used for sewing. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 159 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Other, Containers Plant fiber made into sacks and used for storing potatoes, oats or onions. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 159 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Inner bark used for making nets and snares. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Inner bark used for making nets and snares. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 498 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Plants made into rope or thread and used for sewing and to make fishnets. The plants were dried, beaten with a stick to soften and loosen the fiber and then rolled and twisted on a piece of buckskin covering the upper leg. The resulting rope or thread was used for sewing, for rope and for fish nets. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 159 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Thompson Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Used to make nets for catching deer. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 246 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Yuki Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Dried, crushed stem fibers used to make fish nets and snares for deer, bears and small game. Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 90 |